Non-motor features of Parkinson disease

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[Non-motor symptoms in premotor phase of Parkinson disease].

Non-motor symptoms are common in patients with newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease (PD), and some even predate the emergence of the classic motor features. The premotor phase of PD is characterized by several important non-motor features, including constipation, olfactory dysfunction, REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), depression, etc. The basis of this prodromal stage is that the pathological ...

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Ophthalmological Features of Parkinson Disease

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the type and frequency of ophthalmologic changes occurring in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). MATERIAL/METHODS One hundred consecutive patients (196 eyes) with idiopathic PD and a control group consisting of 100 healthy patients (196 eyes) matched for age and sex underwent a complete ophthalmological examination of both eyes, including a...

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The influence of age and gender on motor and non-motor features of early Parkinson's disease: initial findings from the Oxford Parkinson Disease Center (OPDC) discovery cohort.

BACKGROUND Identifying factors influencing phenotypic heterogeneity in Parkinson's Disease is crucial for understanding variability in disease severity and progression. Age and gender are two most basic epidemiological characteristics, yet their effect on expression of PD symptoms is not fully defined. We aimed to delineate effects of age and gender on the phenotype in an incident cohort of PD ...

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Effects of Voluntary Exercise on Motor Function in Parkinson\'s disease Model of Rats

Background. Previous surveys have shown that motor deficits precede the classical motor symptoms seen in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and that physical exercise may have beneficial effects on PD. Objectives. Here, we evaluated the potential of voluntary exercise to improve motor deficit in experimentally-induced Parkinson’s disease (6-OHDA) rats. Methods. Forty adult Wistar rats were ...

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Parkinson Disease: The Relationship Between Non-motor Symptoms and Motor Phenotype.

BACKGROUND Parkinson disease (PD) presents with motor and non-motor symptoms (NMS). The NMS often precede the onset of motor symptoms, but may progress throughout the disease course. Tremor dominant, postural instability gait difficulty (PIGD), and indeterminate phenotypes can be distinguished using Unified PD Rating scales (UPDRS-III). We hypothesized that the PIGD phenotype would be more like...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Nature Reviews Neuroscience

سال: 2017

ISSN: 1471-003X,1471-0048

DOI: 10.1038/nrn.2017.62